It may be noted here that the cha-seki gardens gradually ran to artificialities, vainly copying the outer forms of past masters, without understanding their inner meanings, finally ending in stereotyped formulï¾µ. Against cha-no-yu, in which was drank pulverised tea whipped in hot water, the way of sen-cha, a more democratic form of tea prepared by infusion of tea leaves, was proclaimed by Ishikawa-Jozan. Naturally, such a movement found an expression in gardens and developed a style of its own known as the literary men's garden. With the vogue of Chinese literature, such a garden for a time was tolerated, but failed to exert any great influence on the art.
[Cha-Seki, or Chaseki, is a Tea House and Cha-no-yu, or Chanoyu, is the Tea Ceremony]
