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DANISH BAROQUE GARDEN DESIGN

Frederiksborg Hirschholm Fredensborg 

The gardens of Denmark developed under similar conditions to those of Sweden. Very little has remained of those that lay around the proud castles of the Renaissance, and the ones that show most traces of the period are the gardens of Frederiksborg at Copenhagen (Fig. 520).
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FIG. 520 . FREDERIKSBORG, COPENHAGEN—GROUND-PLAN

 The front courts and castle buildings are on three islands connected by bridges, at the side of which is a small parterre, also on an island. The chief garden reaches to the north bank of the lake, and because of this situation has renounced all allegiance to a connected ground-plan, though the house does stand in the central axis-line. The arrangement of the parterre, which has a canal going out from it and cutting through the boskets, certainly belongs to the seventeenth century. The plan of the castle of Hirschholm is like this, and stands on islands which are joined by bridges upon a lake. Both house and parterres follow an axial line upon the islands, and are shut in by groves round the bank (Fig. 521).

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FIG. 521. . HIRSCHHOLM, DENMARK - GROUND-PLAN

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FIG. 522. FREDENSBORG, DENMARK - GROUND-PLAN OF THE GARDENS

A typical castle of the French kind is Fredensborg (Fig. 522), which was built to commemorate the Peace between Sweden and Denmark. The garden and park are now the best in Denmark. The castle lies high above the Essommer Lake, and its grounds reach down on the left side of the building, on the east. The garden is in many respects like Hampton Court, but its semicircular parts are united with its buildings in a more original way. There is an octagonal court, and in front of the garden there are seven avenues passing like rays into the park, but first leaving room for a semicircular parterre, and to the right and left for two boskets enclosed by hedges. A semicircular avenue of limes passes round this decorative place, and makes an outside border for the avenues, The middle walk has four rows of trees like Versailles, and a wide view over lawns with statues on them. Instead of the canal cutting across here, there is the shining Essommer Lake to help the view. It forms the end and point de vue of the western avenues, which all wend their way to the water.

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