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The Portuguese colonised Brazil in the 16th century. The colonial gardens were based around agricultural plantations (fazendas) and monasteries.
The work of the 20th century Brazilian landscape architect and garden designer Roberto Burle Marx has influenced garden design worldwide. However, the gardens he designed are found almost exclusively in Brazil. Burle Marx lived at Sitio Roberto Burle Marx, just outside Rio de Janeiro until his death in 1994. The 100-acre site is a national monument and is home to 3,500 plant species. Burle Marx was also an accomplished painter and sculptor and many pieces are on display at the Sitio.
At 340-acres, the Botancial Garden in Rio de Janeiro is one of the largest botancial gardens in the world. It is famous for the row of palms planted when the gardens first opened and a lake full of water lilies (Vitoria Regia). The research institute at the garden focuses on the preservation and research on native flora. Home to the Amazon rainforest, Brazilian flora is extradordinarily diverse and of great global significance.
Most of Brazil is tropical (the south is temperate).