Glenochar Ferm Toun 

Glenochar, in an upland part of Lowland Scotland, is described as a ferm toun. It reveals the history of  traditional practices in Scottish history. Glenochar is not mentioned in The Claudians but it is one of the few examples of a Scottish ferm toun (farm town) that has been carefully excavated and documented by archaeologists (from the Biggar Archaeology Group).

Infield-Outfield System

• The two types of fields were called infields and outfields.
• Infield: The infield was heavily manured and cultivated every year.
• Each tenant also had a kale yard (vegetable garden) adjoining their dwelling.
• The ferm toun's manure was spread over the infield.
• Oats were typically grown annually, sometimes replaced by barley (bere).
• Outfield: The outfield was less intensively cultivated and was often used for grazing or occasionally for growing crops.

Manure and Fallow Practices:

• Cattle were penned in winter, producing large quantities of manure.
• Domestic refuse and soot-laden thatch were also used as manure.
• The only fallow period was during the winter months.